See periculum on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "periculum",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin periculum",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "peril"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of peril",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin periculum. Doublet of peril.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pericula",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pericula"
},
"expansion": "periculum (plural pericula)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "en:Law",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "63 5 5 2 6 17 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 4 4 1 5 26 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 7 6 2 9 18 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
129,
138
]
],
"ref": "2011, Verónica Ruiz Abou-Nigm, The Arrest of Ships in Private International Law, →ISBN, page 87:",
"text": "In English law, along with the characterization of ship arrest as an inherent part of the in rem claim, there is no need to show periculum in mora.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"text": "periculum rei",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accident or casus, as distinguished from dolus and culpa, and hence relieving one from the duty of performing an obligation"
],
"id": "en-periculum-en-noun-gUqdQu5i",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"accident",
"accident"
],
[
"casus",
"casus"
],
[
"dolus",
"dolus"
],
[
"culpa",
"culpa"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) accident or casus, as distinguished from dolus and culpa, and hence relieving one from the duty of performing an obligation"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"word": "periculum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "perīclitor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "perīculor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "perīculōsus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "peligru"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "perill"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "periglio"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "perilh"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "perilh"
},
{
"lang": "Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-leo",
"word": "peligru"
},
{
"lang": "Mirandese",
"lang_code": "mwl",
"word": "peligro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "péril"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"word": "péthi"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "peril"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "peril"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "peril"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "perigo"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "perigo"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "perigoo"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "privel"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "prighel"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "prievel"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "perículu"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "perígulu"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "pirígulu"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "pirìculu"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "pericoło"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "pericol"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "perigoło"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "pericolo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "priacal"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "peirigill"
}
],
"lang": "Classical Gaelic",
"lang_code": "ghc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "peiriacail"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "perikel"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pericul"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pericol"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pericolo"
},
{
"lang": "Ladin",
"lang_code": "lld",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pericul"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"word": "peligro"
},
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"word": "פיליגרו"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "peligro"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"raw_tags": [
"semi-learned borrowing"
],
"word": "peligro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"word": "peligro"
},
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"word": "פיליגרו"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "peligro"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"raw_tags": [
"semi-learned borrowing",
"semi-learned"
],
"word": "periglo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"word": "pirilh"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"word": "peryl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "perygl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "perigl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "perygl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "perygyl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "*perigl"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*perh₃-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"id": "peril"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*per-ei-klom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *per-ei-klom",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Italic *per-ei-klom, itself from the affixation of *-klom to an ablauting athematic i-present *pérh₃-i- ~ *pr̥h₃-éy-, which belongs to the root *perh₃- (“to go through, carry forth, attempt”). De Vaan considers this i-present to also be the source for pariō, though the etymology of this verb is disputed and there are alternative explanations. Alternatively, Weiss derives the term from a putative fourth conjugation verb *perī-rī, which is perhaps also evidenced by experior (“to try”) and perītus (“experienced, skilled”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perīculum",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculī",
"links": [
[
"perīculī",
"periculi"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculum",
"links": [
[
"perīculum",
"periculum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "perīcula",
"links": [
[
"perīcula",
"pericula#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculī",
"links": [
[
"perīculī",
"periculi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculōrum",
"links": [
[
"perīculōrum",
"periculorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculō",
"links": [
[
"perīculō",
"periculo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculīs",
"links": [
[
"perīculīs",
"periculis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculum",
"links": [
[
"perīculum",
"periculum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "perīcula",
"links": [
[
"perīcula",
"pericula#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculō",
"links": [
[
"perīculō",
"periculo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculīs",
"links": [
[
"perīculīs",
"periculis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculum",
"links": [
[
"perīculum",
"periculum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "perīcula",
"links": [
[
"perīcula",
"pericula#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "perīclum",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perīculum<2>"
},
"expansion": "perīculum n (genitive perīculī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perīculum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "perīclitābundus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "perīclitātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "perīculōsē"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 38 2 5 38 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 22 10 12 14 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trial, experiment, attempt, proof, essay"
],
"id": "en-periculum-la-noun-RNIsbcz7",
"links": [
[
"trial",
"trial"
],
[
"experiment",
"experiment"
],
[
"attempt",
"attempt"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"essay",
"essay"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "86 5 2 0 4 2",
"sense": "experiment, proof",
"tags": [
"trial"
],
"word": "experientia"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 5 2 0 4 2",
"sense": "experiment, proof",
"tags": [
"trial"
],
"word": "experīmentum"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 5 2 0 4 2",
"sense": "experiment, proof",
"tags": [
"trial"
],
"word": "tentāmentum"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 5 2 0 4 2",
"sense": "experiment, proof",
"tags": [
"trial"
],
"word": "tentātiō"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 38 2 5 38 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 22 10 12 14 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"risk, hazard, danger, peril"
],
"id": "en-periculum-la-noun-2rMR87~4",
"links": [
[
"risk",
"risk"
],
[
"hazard",
"hazard"
],
[
"danger",
"danger"
],
[
"peril",
"peril"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "risk",
"word": "discrīmen"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 22 10 12 14 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ruin, destruction"
],
"id": "en-periculum-la-noun-gowR1G9X",
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destruction",
"destruction"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "la:Law",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "15 22 10 12 14 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trial, action, suit"
],
"id": "en-periculum-la-noun-aHmL6Lsl",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"suit",
"suit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) trial, action, suit"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"sense": "suit",
"tags": [
"trial"
],
"word": "causa"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 9 7 9 58 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 38 2 5 38 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 22 10 12 14 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"writ of judgment or judgement, sentence"
],
"id": "en-periculum-la-noun-OnuDCtCx",
"links": [
[
"writ",
"writ"
],
[
"judgment",
"judgment"
],
[
"sentence",
"sentence"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 3 94 1",
"sense": "judgment or judgement",
"word": "iūdicium"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 22 10 12 14 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sickness"
],
"id": "en-periculum-la-noun--WlU8FpC",
"links": [
[
"attack",
"attack"
],
[
"sickness",
"sickness"
]
],
"qualifier": "attack of",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attack of) sickness"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pɛˈriː.kʊ.ɫũː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[peˈriː.ku.lum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "periculum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "periculum",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin periculum",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "peril"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of peril",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin periculum. Doublet of peril.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pericula",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pericula"
},
"expansion": "periculum (plural pericula)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English learned borrowings from Latin",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Law"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
129,
138
]
],
"ref": "2011, Verónica Ruiz Abou-Nigm, The Arrest of Ships in Private International Law, →ISBN, page 87:",
"text": "In English law, along with the characterization of ship arrest as an inherent part of the in rem claim, there is no need to show periculum in mora.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"text": "periculum rei",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accident or casus, as distinguished from dolus and culpa, and hence relieving one from the duty of performing an obligation"
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"accident",
"accident"
],
[
"casus",
"casus"
],
[
"dolus",
"dolus"
],
[
"culpa",
"culpa"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) accident or casus, as distinguished from dolus and culpa, and hence relieving one from the duty of performing an obligation"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"word": "periculum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 4-syllable words",
"Latin entries with etymon",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *perh₃-",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "perīclitor"
},
{
"word": "perīculor"
},
{
"word": "perīculōsus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "peligru"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "perill"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "periglio"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "perilh"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "perilh"
},
{
"lang": "Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-leo",
"word": "peligru"
},
{
"lang": "Mirandese",
"lang_code": "mwl",
"word": "peligro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "péril"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"word": "péthi"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "peril"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "peril"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "peril"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "perigo"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "perigo"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "perigoo"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "privel"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "prighel"
},
{
"lang": "Romansh",
"lang_code": "rm",
"word": "prievel"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "perículu"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "perígulu"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "pirígulu"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"word": "pirìculu"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "pericoło"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "pericol"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "perigoło"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"word": "pericolo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "priacal"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "peirigill"
}
],
"lang": "Classical Gaelic",
"lang_code": "ghc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "peiriacail"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "perikel"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pericul"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pericol"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pericolo"
},
{
"lang": "Ladin",
"lang_code": "lld",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pericul"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"word": "peligro"
},
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"word": "פיליגרו"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "peligro"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"raw_tags": [
"semi-learned borrowing"
],
"word": "peligro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"word": "peligro"
},
{
"lang": "Ladino",
"lang_code": "lad",
"word": "פיליגרו"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "peligro"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"raw_tags": [
"semi-learned borrowing",
"semi-learned"
],
"word": "periglo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"word": "pirilh"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"word": "peryl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "perygl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "perigl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "perygl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "perygyl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "*perigl"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*perh₃-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"id": "peril"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*per-ei-klom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *per-ei-klom",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Italic *per-ei-klom, itself from the affixation of *-klom to an ablauting athematic i-present *pérh₃-i- ~ *pr̥h₃-éy-, which belongs to the root *perh₃- (“to go through, carry forth, attempt”). De Vaan considers this i-present to also be the source for pariō, though the etymology of this verb is disputed and there are alternative explanations. Alternatively, Weiss derives the term from a putative fourth conjugation verb *perī-rī, which is perhaps also evidenced by experior (“to try”) and perītus (“experienced, skilled”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perīculum",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculī",
"links": [
[
"perīculī",
"periculi"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculum",
"links": [
[
"perīculum",
"periculum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "perīcula",
"links": [
[
"perīcula",
"pericula#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculī",
"links": [
[
"perīculī",
"periculi#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculōrum",
"links": [
[
"perīculōrum",
"periculorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculō",
"links": [
[
"perīculō",
"periculo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculīs",
"links": [
[
"perīculīs",
"periculis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculum",
"links": [
[
"perīculum",
"periculum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "perīcula",
"links": [
[
"perīcula",
"pericula#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculō",
"links": [
[
"perīculō",
"periculo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculīs",
"links": [
[
"perīculīs",
"periculis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "perīculum",
"links": [
[
"perīculum",
"periculum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "perīcula",
"links": [
[
"perīcula",
"pericula#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "perīclum",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perīculum<2>"
},
"expansion": "perīculum n (genitive perīculī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perīculum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "perīclitābundus"
},
{
"word": "perīclitātiō"
},
{
"word": "perīculōsē"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"trial, experiment, attempt, proof, essay"
],
"links": [
[
"trial",
"trial"
],
[
"experiment",
"experiment"
],
[
"attempt",
"attempt"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"essay",
"essay"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"risk, hazard, danger, peril"
],
"links": [
[
"risk",
"risk"
],
[
"hazard",
"hazard"
],
[
"danger",
"danger"
],
[
"peril",
"peril"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ruin, destruction"
],
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destruction",
"destruction"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"trial, action, suit"
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"suit",
"suit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) trial, action, suit"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"writ of judgment or judgement, sentence"
],
"links": [
[
"writ",
"writ"
],
[
"judgment",
"judgment"
],
[
"sentence",
"sentence"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sickness"
],
"links": [
[
"attack",
"attack"
],
[
"sickness",
"sickness"
]
],
"qualifier": "attack of",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attack of) sickness"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pɛˈriː.kʊ.ɫũː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[peˈriː.ku.lum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "experiment, proof",
"tags": [
"trial"
],
"word": "experientia"
},
{
"sense": "experiment, proof",
"tags": [
"trial"
],
"word": "experīmentum"
},
{
"sense": "experiment, proof",
"tags": [
"trial"
],
"word": "tentāmentum"
},
{
"sense": "experiment, proof",
"tags": [
"trial"
],
"word": "tentātiō"
},
{
"sense": "risk",
"word": "discrīmen"
},
{
"sense": "judgment or judgement",
"word": "iūdicium"
},
{
"sense": "suit",
"tags": [
"trial"
],
"word": "causa"
}
],
"word": "periculum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for periculum meaning in All languages combined (10.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.